diff --git a/justfile b/justfile
index ecd141f..ab14801 100644
--- a/justfile
+++ b/justfile
@@ -1,29 +1,87 @@
 set shell := ["bash", "-c"]
 
+# How many jobs the parallel gate runs at once. Lower this when another
+# worktree stack is active, or use 1 for a serial debugging run.
+jobs := env('JUST_JOBS', '4')
+
 default:
     @just --list
 
-# Full completion gate. Start the worktree stack before running it because
-# Cypress exercises the frontend and its backend wiring.
+# Full completion gate. Every check runs in one bounded pool, with likely
+# long Cypress groups scheduled first and shorter jobs filling free lanes.
+# Start the worktree stack before running it because Cypress needs Vite.
 test-all:
-    @echo "==> frontend format + lint checks"
-    just frontend-format-check
-    just frontend-lint-check
-    @echo "==> frontend type check"
-    just frontend-type-check
-    @echo "==> backend static analysis"
-    just backend-types-check
-    @echo "==> frontend production build"
-    just frontend-build
-    @echo "==> backend tests"
-    just backend-test
-    @echo "==> frontend Cypress tests"
-    just frontend-cypress-run
+    just par "gate" {{ jobs }} \
+        frontend-cypress-account frontend-cypress-session \
+        frontend-cypress-sets backend-types-check \
+        frontend-cypress-scheduling frontend-build \
+        backend-test-feature frontend-cypress-today \
+        frontend-lint-check frontend-type-check backend-test-unit \
+        frontend-format-check cypress-spec-coverage
+
+# Run recipes concurrently, buffering each one's output to its own log.
+# Report jobs as they finish, then print every failed job's complete log.
+[private]
+par label max +targets:
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -uo pipefail
+
+    targets=({{ targets }})
+    logs=$(mktemp -d)
+    declare -A target_of started_at
+    failed=()
+    next=0
+    running=0
+
+    echo "==> {{ label }} (${#targets[@]} jobs, up to {{ max }} at a time)"
+
+    while (( next < ${#targets[@]} || running > 0 )); do
+      while (( next < ${#targets[@]} && running < {{ max }} )); do
+        target="${targets[next]}"
+        just "$target" > "$logs/$target.log" 2>&1 &
+        target_of[$!]="$target"
+        started_at[$!]=$SECONDS
+        next=$(( next + 1 ))
+        running=$(( running + 1 ))
+      done
+
+      wait -n -p finished
+      status=$?
+      running=$(( running - 1 ))
+      target="${target_of[$finished]}"
+      elapsed=$(( SECONDS - started_at[$finished] ))
+
+      if (( status == 0 )); then
+        printf '  ok   %-28s %4ds\n' "$target" "$elapsed"
+      else
+        printf '  FAIL %-28s %4ds\n' "$target" "$elapsed"
+        failed+=("$target")
+      fi
+    done
+
+    if (( ${#failed[@]} == 0 )); then
+      rm -rf "$logs"
+      exit 0
+    fi
+
+    for target in "${failed[@]}"; do
+      printf '\n--- %s ---\n' "$target"
+      cat "$logs/$target.log"
+    done
+    printf '\n{{ label }} failed: %s\n' "${failed[*]}"
+    printf 'logs kept in %s\n' "$logs"
+    exit 1
 
 # Backend
 
 backend-test *args:
-    cd backend && php artisan test {{args}}
+    cd backend && php artisan test {{ args }}
+
+backend-test-unit *args:
+    cd backend && php artisan test --testsuite=Unit {{ args }}
+
+backend-test-feature *args:
+    cd backend && php artisan test --testsuite=Feature {{ args }}
 
 backend-types-check:
     cd backend && composer types:check
@@ -53,3 +111,74 @@ frontend-build:
 
 frontend-cypress-run:
     cd frontend/website && npm run test:e2e
+
+# Each Cypress spec must belong to exactly one feature group. The complete
+# gate runs these groups concurrently; the whole-suite recipe above remains
+# available for focused iteration.
+frontend_specs_account := "confirm-email login signup"
+frontend_specs_session := "guest-auth session-auth"
+frontend_specs_sets := "set-layout sets-dashboard"
+frontend_specs_scheduling := "set-scheduling"
+frontend_specs_today := "today-assignments"
+
+frontend-cypress-account:
+    just _cypress {{ frontend_specs_account }}
+
+frontend-cypress-session:
+    just _cypress {{ frontend_specs_session }}
+
+frontend-cypress-sets:
+    just _cypress {{ frontend_specs_sets }}
+
+frontend-cypress-scheduling:
+    just _cypress {{ frontend_specs_scheduling }}
+
+frontend-cypress-today:
+    just _cypress {{ frontend_specs_today }}
+
+[private]
+_cypress +names:
+    cd frontend/website && specs=$(for name in {{ names }}; do \
+        printf 'cypress/e2e/%s.cy.ts,' "$name"; done) && \
+        npm run test:e2e -- --spec "${specs%,}"
+
+cypress-spec-coverage:
+    just _spec-coverage {{ frontend_specs_account }} \
+        {{ frontend_specs_session }} {{ frontend_specs_sets }} \
+        {{ frontend_specs_scheduling }} {{ frontend_specs_today }}
+
+[private]
+_spec-coverage +names:
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -uo pipefail
+
+    cd frontend/website
+    listed=$(printf '%s\n' {{ names }} | sort)
+    on_disk=$(ls cypress/e2e/*.cy.ts | xargs -n1 basename \
+        | sed 's/\.cy\.ts$//' | sort)
+
+    duplicated=$(echo "$listed" | uniq -d)
+    unique=$(echo "$listed" | uniq)
+    ungrouped=$(comm -13 <(echo "$unique") <(echo "$on_disk"))
+    missing=$(comm -23 <(echo "$unique") <(echo "$on_disk"))
+    status=0
+
+    if [ -n "$ungrouped" ]; then
+      echo "in no group, so never runs in the gate:"
+      printf '  %s\n' $ungrouped
+      status=1
+    fi
+
+    if [ -n "$missing" ]; then
+      echo "listed in a group but not on disk:"
+      printf '  %s\n' $missing
+      status=1
+    fi
+
+    if [ -n "$duplicated" ]; then
+      echo "in more than one group, so runs twice:"
+      printf '  %s\n' $duplicated
+      status=1
+    fi
+
+    exit $status